Influence of Monensin and Salinomycin on Growth and Carcass Characteristics in Pelibuey Lambs

J. Salinas-Chavira¹, R. G. Ramírez², E. de L. Lara-Pedroza¹,
M. González- Suárez¹, M. Domínguez-Muñoz<sup>1

1</sup>Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas. Apartado Postal 263
Carretera Cd. Victoria-Cd. Mante km 6.5, Cd. Victoria Tamaulipas, 87000, México

²Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Apartado Postal 142
Sucursal F. San Nicolás de los Garza, N.L., 66450, México

(Received January 28, 2005; accepted July 18, 2005)

Abstract

Salinas-Chavira, J., Ramírez, R.G., Lara-Pedroza, E. de L., González- Suárez, M. and Domínguez-Muñoz, M. 2005. Influence of monensin and salinomycin on growth and carcass characteristics in Pelibuey lambs. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 93-96.

To study the influence of the ionophores monensin and salinomycin on performance and carcass characteristics in lambs, sixteen intact Pelibuey male lambs were randomly distributed into two treatment groups. These were fed on a diet (14% crude protein, 2.6 Mcal ME/kg) for 60 days. Lambs in one group received 25 ppm of monensin and the other group received 28 ppm of salinomycin. Lambs on salinomycin gained more (P<0.05) weight than lambs on monensin (0.244 and 0.194 g/day, respectively), had more (P<0.05) feed intake (1059 and 898 g/day) and had greater (P<0.05) Longissimus dorsi area (5.5 and 4.9 cm2). However, both groups had similar (P>0.05) feed efficiency and subcutaneous fat. It appears that salinomycin is a better growth promoter for Pelibuey lambs fed a conventional diet high in concentrates.

Key words: Lambs, monensin, salinomycin, carcass characteristics, growth performance.

For correspondence : Calle Ciclamen #2015, Col. Cuauhtemoc, Cd. Victoria, Tam., México, 87-70, E-mail: jsalinasc@hotmail.com

Sexual Activity and Puberty in the Male Redkaraman and Tushin (Turkish native) Lamb

Ebru Emsen*, Ferda Köyce—iz, Carlos Alcibiades Gimenez Diaz

Department of Animal Science
Ataturk University
25240 Erzurum-Turkey

(Received January 28, 2005; accepted August 8, 2005)

Abstract

Emsen, E., Köyce—iz, F. and Diaz, C.A.G. 2005. Sexual activity and puberty in the male Redkaraman and Tushin (Turkish native) lamb. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 137-139.

Sexual activity in the prepubertal period (120-300 days of age) and body weight, scrotal circumference and testosterone levels at puberty were studied in 10 Tushin and 8 Redkaraman male lambs. Sexual responses developed earlier (P<0.01) in Redkaraman than in Tushin ram lambs. Same was the case for age at puberty. There was no significant breed difference in body weight, scrotal circumference and testosterone levels at puberty. Scrotal circumference and body weight at puberty were correlated (P<0.01) with each other (r = 0.68). It is concluded that body weight and not the age determines onset of puberty.

Keywords: Sexual activity, puberty, testosterone, Tushin, Redkaraman, lamb.


*Corresponding author: Ataturk Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi, Zootekni Bolumu, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
Tel: +90 442 231 2558
E-mail: eemsen@atauni.edu.tr

Haemodynamic and Electrocardiographic Effects of Xylazine, Ketamine, Lidocaine and their Combinations after Lumbar Epidural Administration in Healthy Buffalo Calves

Pankaj Singh, K. Pratap*, Amarpal, P. Kinjavdekar,
H. P. Aithal, G. R. Singh

Division of Surgery
Indian Veterinary Research Institute
Izatnagar- 243 122, India

(Received August 11, 2004; accepted April 20, 2005)

Abstract

Singh, P., Pratap, K., Amarpal, Kinjavdekar, P., Aithal, H.P. and Singh G.R. 2005. Haemodynamic and electrocardiographic effects of xylazine, ketamine, lidocaine and their combinations after lumbar epidural administration in healthy buffalo calves. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 101-106.

Haemodynamic and electrocardiographic effects of xylazine (0.05 mg/kg), ketamine (2.5 mg/kg), lidocaine (2.0 mg/kg) alone or in combinations viz. xylazine and ketamine and xylazine and lidocaine were evaluated in healthy buffalo calves after epidural administration in 1st lumbar space. Xylazine alone or in combination with others produced transient changes in the haemodynamic and electrocardiographic indices. The combination of xylazine and lidocaine produced more depression of the haemodynamic and electrocardiographic parameters. However, both combinations were safe in healthy buffalo calves as they produced only temporary and transient changes in the haemodynamic and electrocardiographic indices.

Key words: Buffalo calves, electrocardiographic, epidural, haemodynamic, ketamine, lidocaine, lumbar, xylazine.

Carbonic Anhydrase (Ca) and X-Protein(X-p) Types in Turkish Sheep Breeds*

Gökselin Camoglu, Cengiz Elmaci**

Department of Animal Science
Faculty of Agriculture, Uludag University
16059 Bursa, Turkey

(Received November 29, 2004; accepted August 2, 2005)

Abstract

Camoglu, G. and Elmaci, C. 2005. Carbonic anhydrase (Ca) and X-protein (X-p) types in Turkish sheep breeds. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 125-128.

Carbonic anhydrase and X-protein types were analyzed by the method of starch gel electrophoresis in a total of 197 blood samples collected from both sexes of three Turkish sheep breeds. Carbonic anhydrase and X-protein loci were polymorphic in all breeds. The gene frequencies ranged from 0.881 to 0.974 and from 0.805 to 0.884 for CaS and x, respectively. Further, a very good agreement was found between the observed and expected carbonic anhydrase phenotypes.

Key words: Carbonic anhydrase, X-protein, genetic polymorphism, sheep.


* This study is a part of the first author's MSc thesis.

**For correspondence : Tel.: +90-224-4428970, Fax.: +90-224- 4428152, E-mail: elmaci@uludag.edu.tr

Differentiation of Heel Pain from Other Hoof Pain in Horses

K. Sardari*, H. Kazemi**, H.Seifi*

*Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
P.O.Box 91775-1714
Mashhad-Iran

**Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Tehran University,
Tehran, Iran

(Received November 2, 2004; accepted August 31, 2005)

Abstract

Sardari, K., Kazemi, H. and Seifi, H. 2005. Differentiation of heel pain from other hoof pain in horses. J. Appl. Anim. Sci., 28: 133-135.

Thirty-four horses with forelimb lameness referable to the hoof based on their response to the palmar digital nerves analgesia were divided into 2 groups based on their response to distal interphalangeal joint analgesic injection and hoof tester examination. Horses showed heel pain by hoof tester examination and were profoundly improved by analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint were considered to have heel pain, whereas, all other horses were considered to have other causes of hoof pain. Distal interphalangeal joint analgesia and hoof tester applications are not pathognomonic for differentiation of heel pain from other hoof pain in horses. However, analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint had greater sensitivity than hoof tester application for differentiation of heel pain from other hoof pain.

Key words: Horse, lameness, heel pain, hoof pain.

Corresponding author: Fax: 0098 511 6620166;
E-mail: k_sardari @yahoo.com

Zebu Cows in Oestrus May Hasten Sexual Behaviour and Ovulation in Herd Mates

R. Isidro¹, A. Orihuela², C.S. Galina¹, L. Martínez¹, M. Maquivar¹, J. Solano<sup>3

1</sup>Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad
Nacional Autónoma de México
Ciudad Universitaria 04510 México, D.F.

²Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad
Autónoma del Estado de Morelos
Apartado Postal 5-78 Cuernavaca, Morelos 62051 México

³Centro de Bachillerato Tecnológico
Agropecuario # 154 de Huitzilac Morelos, México.

(Received September 28, 2004; accepted August 28, 2005)

Abstract

Isidro, R., Orihuela, A., Galina, C.S., Martínez, L., Maquivar, M. and Solano, J. 2005. Zebu Cows in oestrus may hasten sexual behaviour and ovulation in herd mates. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 117-120.

The influence of behavioural oestrus on the manifestation of oestrus and ovulation of herd mates was studied by ultrasonographical examination (US) of ovarian activity. Ten non-pregnant animals divided into two groups (A and B) were treated with a 9-day implant of Synchromate B (SMB) with nine days of difference between treated groups. Seven pregnant cows (Group C) remained within the herd to keep the social structure intact. Animals were observed continuously for 100 h after implant withdrawal. Three sexually active groups (SAG) on three different dates were recorded; each formed by cows from groups A, B and even C. Sixty percent (3/5) ovulated in the 2nd SAG and 83% (5/6) in the 3rd. It may be concluded that: 1) Cows may display mounting behaviour without apparent follicular support even with a SMB implant in place and 2) Cows induced into oestrus may hasten behavioural activity and ovulation in non-treated herd mates.

Key words: Zebu cattle, oestrus behaviour, oestrous synchronization, ovulation.


²For correspondence: aorihuela@prodigy.net.mx

Effect of diazepam and Bicuculline on Serum Concentrations of Estradiol, Progesterone and K+ in Female Rat

M. Taherianfard*, A. Bahaoddini, M. Bahrebar

Department of Physiology
School of Veterinary Medicine
Shiraz University
Shiraz 71345-1731, Iran

(Received July 13, 2004; accepted August 23, 2005)

Abstract

Taherianfard, M., Bahaoddini, A. and Bahrebar, M. 2005. Effect of diazepam and bicuculline on serum concentrations of estradiol, progesterone and K+ in female rat. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 97-100.

The effect of intracerebrospinal (ICV) administration of diazepam (GABAA agonist) and bicuculline (GABAA antagonist) on serum concentrations of estradiol, progesterone and K+ in proestrous phase of estrus cycle in rats were investigated. A director cannula was inserted in to the lateral ventricle by stereotaxic surgery for ICV injection. Drugs were injected 30 minutes before blood sampling. The drugs did not have significant (P<0.05) effect on serum concentration of estradiol and K+. Diazepam (500 ng/rat) decreased (P<0.05) serum concentration of progesterone at 11 and 13 o'clock. Bicuculline (1.5 and 3 ng/rat) decreased (P<0.05) serum concentration of progesterone at 9 o'clock. It appears that GABAA receptors have some role in the regulation of serum concentration of progesterone in proestrous phase in rats irrespective of K+ concentration.

Key words: Diazepam, bicuculline, estradiol, progesterone, proestrous, rat.

*taherian@shirazu.ac.ir

An Evaluation of Differences in Mean Body Surface Temperature with Infrared Thermography in Growing Pigs Fed Different Dietary Energy Intake and Concentration

J.A. Loughmiller1, M.F. Spire2, M.D. Tokach1, S.S. Dritz2,
J.L. Nelssen1, R.D. Goodband1*, S.B. Hogge2

1Department of Animal Sciences and Industry

2Food Animal Health and Management Center
Kansas State University, Manhattan KS-66506-0201, USA

(Received August 08, 2005; accepted September 2, 2005)

Abstract

Loughmiller, J.A., Spire, M.F., Tokach, M.D., Dritz, S.S., Nelssen, J.L., Goodband, R.D. and Hogge, S.B. 2005. An evaluation of differences in mean body surface temperature with infrared thermography in growing pigs fed different dietary energy intake and concentration. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 73-80.

Eighty pigs were used to determine the relationships among feed intake or diet composition and mean body surface temperature (MBST). In Exp. 1, 80 castrates (initially 24 kg) were allotted to one of the four feed intake levels [1.4×, 2.50×, 3.8× and ad libitum or 4.7× ME maintenance (MEm)]. Infrared (IR) thermographic images were collected at 0700, 1100 and 1900 h on d 4, 5 and 6. Quadratic effects were observed for ADG and G/F (P<0.05) and linear effects for ADFI (P<0.01) as ME intake increased. Treatment × time interactions were observed for MBST (P<0.01). The interaction was because MBST increased linearly at 0700 and at 1900 h as daily ME intakes increased (P<0.05) but increased quadratically with a plateau at 2.5× MEm at 1100 h (P<0.05). At 0700 h, MBST increased linearly as daily ME intakes increased from 1.5× MEm to ad libitum (P<0.05). In Exp. 2, pigs (initially 40 kg) were fed a common diet, and IR images were collected daily at 0700 h. Average daily gain was dependent upon changes in ADFI, mean body surface heat loss (MBSL) and the natural log of MBST (r2=.38; P<0.01). In Exp. 3, pigs (initially 59 kg) were allotted to diets containing 11.5, 12.6, 13.6 and 14.6 MJ ME/kg. Increasing dietary ME increased ADG, G/F, ME intake, MBST and MBSL (linear, P < 0.05). The data indicate that IR thermography can detect MBST changes in pigs caused by changes in dietary intake or energy level. These changes can be detected under more variable environmental conditions than those used with a calorimeter and may be adapted as a low cost noninvasive tool to categorize factors impacting swine thermoenergetics.

Key words: Infrared thermography, dietary energy, pigs.

*For correspondence: Tel. 785-532-1228, Fax: 785-532-7059, E-mail: goodband@ksu.edu

PCR-RFLP in BL-bII Region of MHC of Divergent Broiler Chicken Lines Based on Immunocompetence Index*

G.K. Sivaraman¹, Sanjeev Kumar²

Molecular Genetics Laboratory
Central Avian Research Institute
Izatnagar-243 122, India

(Received March 3, 2005; accepted August 31, 2005)

Abstract

Sivaraman, G.K. and Kumar, S. 2005. PCR-RFLP in BL-bII region of MHC of divergent broiler chicken lines based on immunocompetence index. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 81-84.

DNA polymorphism at BL-bII region of MHC was studied in 20 birds (10 from each of 2 lines and 5 of either sex) at high and low extremes of IC-index using specific primers. An amplicon of 267 bp obtained in each sample, was digested with three restriction enzymes (RE) viz., Hae III, Msp I and Taq I, individually. The PCR-RFLP of BL-bII with these REs revealed similar and monomorphic patterns in the divergent IC-index lines. The analysis revealed that the RE sites of the enzymes employed in this study were monomorphic in the divergent lines.

Key words: Broiler, chicken, divergent selection, immunocompetence index, BL-bII, PCR, RFLP.

Detection of IgG Antibodies to Cryptosporidium parvum Using Eimeria tenella and Cryptosporidium parvum Antigens

S. Rahbari¹, S. Nabian1, H.R. Azizi², A. Rezazadeh¹,
M.R. Mokhber-Dezfouli<sup>1

1</sup>Department of Parasitology
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

²Department of Parasitology
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
University of Shahre-kord, Iran

(Received November 18, 2004; accepted September 6, 2005)

Abstract

Rahbari, S., Nabian, S., Azizi, H.R., Rezazadeh, A. and Mokhber-Dezfouli, M.R. 2005. Detection of IgG antibodies to Cryptosporidium parvum using Eimeria tenella and Cryptosporidium parvum antigens. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 141-143.

This paper describes and compares the use of Cryptosporidium parvum and Eimeria tenella oocyst antigens in application of enzyme linked immnosorbent assay (ELISA). The optical density (OD) mean value for positive cryptosporidium sera with two antigens of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium were 0.476 and 0.310, respectively and sensitivity of both antigens was 100%. Cryptosporidium infection was detected in 79 (57%) cattle out of 137 fecal samples examined microscopically. The seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to Cryptosporidium parvum by using antigens of either Cryptosporidium or Eimeria were correlated with oocysts excretion. It is concluded that Eimeria antigen may be used for rapid screening of Cryptosporidium in calf diarrhea.

Key words: Cryptosporidium parvum, Eimeria tenella, ELISA, calf, diarrhoea.

Repair of Esophageal Full_Thickness Defects with Expanded Polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) Patch : An Experimental Study on Dogs

H.R. Abbasi^1*, S. Tahmasebi¹, S.V. Hosseini¹, N. Tanideh²,
A. Monabati³, D. Mehrabani<sup>4

1</sup>Gastroenterohepatology Research Center
Department of Surgery, Nemazee Hospital

²Laboratory Animal Research Center
Department of Pharmacology

³Department of Pathology, School of Medicine

⁴Department of Pathology
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute/Gastroenterohepatology Research Center
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

(Revised received August 29, 2005; accepted September 10, 2005)

Abstract

Abbasi, H.R., Tahmasebi, S., Hosseini, S.V., Tanideh, N., Monabati, A. and Mehrabani, D. 2005. Repair of esophageal full_thickness defects with expanded polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) patch : An experimental study on dogs. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 89-92.

To test the suitability of polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) for repair of full-thickness defects in esophageal wall, eight mixed breed male dogs were utilized in this study. Anesthesia was induced by diazepam and sodium thiopental and maintained by halothane and oxygen. Ringers lactate was administered throughout the surgery. After exposing of cervical esophagus, a full-thickness defect (3×2 cm) was made and it was closed by PTFE patch placed in luminal side and fixed by prolene sutures. No dysphagia or aphagia was shown after the surgery and PTFE was absent at the luminal side of 5 dogs suggesting the passage of the prosthesis to the stomach. In 3 dogs, PTFE was adherent to its surrounding tissues by sutures. Luminal wall consistency was normal, no stricture was noticed and microscopically, a good regeneration and a complete epithelialization were observed. It is concluded that PTFE can be considered as a suitable prosthesis for reconstruction of full thickness esophageal wall defects.

Key words: Polytetraflouroethylene, esophageal defects, repair, dog.


*Corresponding author: Tel: #98 711 6262227;
Fax: 98 711 6261000; E-mail: abbasih@sums.ac.ir

A Roentgenographic and Biomechanical Study on the Effect of Levothyroxine on Fracture Healing in Rabbits

M.J. Emami1*, R. Talebian¹, N. Tanideh², D. Mehrabani<sup>3

1</sup>Department of Orthopedic Surgery

²Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory Animals Research Center

³Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute
Medicinal Natural Products Chemistry Research Center
School of Medicine
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Shiraz 71345-1744, Iran

(Revised received August 29, 2005; accepted September 6, 2005)

Abstract

Emami, M.J., Talebian, R. Tanideh, N. and Mehrabani, D. 2005. A Roentgenographic and biomechanical study on the effect of levothyroxine on fracture healing in rabbits. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 113-116.

To determine the biomechanical and roentgenographic behaviour of the rabbit's tibial bone healing after levothyroxine administration, twenty-eight healthy Dutch rabbits (3 mo, 1200-1600 g) were used in a prospective, experimental, double blind, randomized control trial. Under general anesthesia, unilateral mid diaphyseal fracture of tibia was created through intact skin and was fixed with antegrade closed intramedullary nailing and casting. The rabbits were then divided into two equal groups. Levothyroxine (100 µg/kg b.wt./d) was administered orally to one group and placebo to other group of rabbits. Half the rabbits from both groups were sacrificed on d 21 and 31, respectively. Levothyroxine treatment improved mean mechanical bending force tolerance and roentgenographic grading 31 d post surgery but not at 21 d post surgery. Serum FT3 and FT4 levels were significantly increaced by levothyroxine treatment on days 15, 21 and 31 post surgery. It is concluded that oral administration of levothyroxine for about 31 days would improve bending force tolerance and roentgenographic grading in the bone union of rabbits.

Key words: Thyroid hormone, union, tibial fracture, rabbit, bending force, bone healing.

*Corresponding author: Tel: #98 711 6246093;
Fax: # 98 711 2307594; E-mail: emamimj92@yahoo.com

Relationship Between the Bovine Major Histocompatibility Complex (BoLA) with Somatic Cell Count in Crossbred Cattle

Chandan Paswan, Bharat Bhushan*, B.N. Patra, Pushpendra Kumar, Arjava Sharma, Reena Mukherjee**, A.K.S. Tomar***,
S. Dandapat****, Triveni Dutt***

Genetic Marker Laboratory
Animal Genetics Division
Indian Veterinary Research Institute
Izatnagar-243 122, India

(Received December 1, 2004; accepted September 10, 2005)

Abstract

Paswan, C., Bhushan, B., Patra, B. N., Kumar, P., Sharma, A., Mukherjee, R., Tomar, A.K.S., Dandapat, S. and Dutt, T. 2005. Relationship between the bovine major histocompatibility complex (BoLA) with somatic cell count in crossbred cattle. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 129-132.

Characterization of BoLA-DRB 3.2 gene was carried out in 25 crossbred cows suffering from clinical mastitis and 50 apparently healthy cows by PCR-RFLP. Digestion of 284 bp product of DRB3.2 gene with HaeIII restriction enzyme revealed five patterns out of these HaeIII-a (0.53) and -a/b (0.38) being more frequent. RsaI-n (0.120) pattern with highest frequency was seen in the cows of both groups. However, the patterns HaeIII-e, -a/e, RsaI-b, -k, -l, -a/l, -d/s, -g/n, -l/n, -l/o and -m/n were observed only in apparently healthy cows and RsaI-f, -o, -c/n, g/o and n/s patterns only in the cows suffering from clinical mastitis. PstI restriction enzyme did not reveal any restriction site in crossbred cows. The somatic cell count (SCC) (5519401±787818) and somatic cell score (SCS) (6.66±0.05) were found significantly higher in milk of the cows suffering from clinical mastitis as compared to those of apparently healthy group. The results showed non-significant effect of HaeIII and RsaI patterns/genotypes of BoLA DRB3.2 alleles on SCC and SCS in crossbred cows.

Key words: Crossbred cattle, DRB3.2 gene, mastitis, PCR-RFLP, somatic cell count, somatic cell score.

*Corresponding author:
Phone: +91-0581-2303382; Fax: +91-0581-2303284;
E-mail:bb@ivri.up.nic.in and bbhushan_ivri2003@yahoo.co.in,
**Division of Medicine, ***LPM Section,
****Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, IVRI,
Izatnagar - 243 122, India.

Characterisation of Outer Membrane Protein of Leptospira borgpetersenii Serovar Hardjo

Anju Singh, Manoj Kumar, A.A. Kumar, S.K. Srivastava

Division of Bacteriology and Mycology
Indian Veterinary Research Institute
Izatnagar-243 122, India

(Received January 28, 2005; accepted August 10, 2005)

Abstract

Singh, A., Kumar, M., Kumar, A.A. and Srivastava, S.K. 2005. Characterisation of outer membrane protein of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 107-112.

Outer membrane protein (OMP) from Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo, grown under different cultural conditions, was extracted and characterized for its polypeptide composition and serodiagnostic ability. SDS-PAGE revealed that the detergent insoluble (SI) fraction of OMP from cells grown at the ideal temperature (29C) composed of 5 major polypeptide bands (77, 42.6, 36, 28.8 and 22.5), 4 minor bands (59.5, 47.4, 41.6 and 32 kDa) and 3 very faint bands. In the soluble fraction (SS), different bands were visible, of these 32 kDa and 41 kDa proteins were the most prominant. Cells grown at 22C did not express the minor 18 kDa protein but over expression of 77 kDa was observed. Growth at 38C did not express any additional protein but an enhanced expression of a 31 kDa protein was visible. Change in iron concentration in culture medium did not change the protein profile. Use of OMP as an antigen for conducting ELISA on convalescent animal sera (1:100) revealed that as compared to Microscopic Agglutination Test, it had a Sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 86.4%, respectively.

Key words : Membrane proteins, leptospira, borgpetersenii, serodiagnosis.

Effect of Sesame Meal Supplemented in Sudangrass Silage on Fermentation Quality and Feed Intake in Goats

Y. Hirano, Y. Ito¹, N. Inagaki, K. Yamasaki, H. Yokota, K. Kita*

Laboratory of Animal Feeds and Production
University Farm
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences
Nagoya University
Togo, Aichi 470-0151, Japan

(Received January 14, 2005; accepted August 6, 2005)

Abstract

Hirano, Y., Ito, Y., Inagaki, N., Yamasaki, K., Yokota, H. and Kita, K. 2005. Effect of sesame meal supplemented in Sudangrass silage on fermentation quality and feed intake in goats. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 85-88.

To increase the nutritive value and reduce the moisture content of Sudangrass silage, sesame meal was mixed with Sudangrass at 5, 10, 20 and 40% (w/w) in laboratory glass silos. This silage was compared with plain Sudan grass silage. The acetic acid content increased when sesame meal was added at the level of more than 20% and the content of propionic acid, butyric acid and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) decreased with increasing sesame meal supplementation. Feed intake of silage mixed with sesame meal and/or beet pulp was higher than that of non-added Sudangrass silage in goats. As the reduction of butyric acid and VBN is an index of good quality silage, it is suggested that sesame meal can be used as an additive to make good silage with improvement of palatability in ruminants.

Key words: Silage, Sudangrass, sesame meal, moisture, pH.

¹Sesame Oil Department, Takemoto Oil & Fat Co. Ltd., Hamacho 11, Gamagori, Aichi 443-036, Japan
*Corresponding author Phone & Fax: +81 561 37 0203,
E-mail: kitak@agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp

Ultrasonography as Aid for Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Zebu Cattle in a Natural Mating Programme

L.L. Galicia¹, K.S. Estrada², C.S. Galina^1*, G.E. Pérez²,
J.J. Romero, S.R. Molina<sup>3

1</sup>Departamento de Reproducción
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico

²Programa de Investigación en Medicina Poblacional
Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Costa Rica

³Departmento de Agronomía
Sede Regional Santa Clara
Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Costa Rica

(Received February 7, 2005; accepted September 10, 2005)

Abstract

Galicia, L.L., Estrada, K.S., Galina, C.S., Pérez, G.E., Romero, J.J. and S.R. Molina, S.R. 2005. Ultrasonography as aid for early pregnancy diagnosis in Zebu cattle in a natural matting programme. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 000-000.

To utilise ultrasonography in Zebu cattle to test early pregnancy, multiparous Bos indicus cows (n=74) were allocated with 2 mature Brahman bulls, which were replaced with new ones every four weeks. Cows were bled for radioimmunoassay progesterone analysis at the time of ultrasound and four days prior or after this event. The efficiency of the ultrasound findings and progesterone levels were compared with Kappa index using the computer programme (WIN) EPISCOPE. Ultrasound precision for early pregnancy diagnosis was 96%. Moreover, animals not clearly defined as pregnant, following examination revealed that only 54% were actually pregnant. The efficiency to detect the lack of ovarian activity was only 25% as revealed by progesterone concentrations lower than 1ng/ml. In contrast, the association between a detectable CL by ultrasound and progesterone values higher than 1ng/ml was 90%. The incidence of embryonic death was 15.4%. Based on these results the efficacy for detecting early pregnancy by ultrasound and the presence of an active CL is satisfactory, whereas the precision to detect non-cycling animal is questionable and the incidence of embryonic death is high.

Key words: Pregnancy diagnosis, Bos indicus cattle, ultrasonography.

*E-mail: egalina@servidor.unam.mx; Phone: (525) 56225860

Circannual Identification and Quantification of the Constitutive Heat Shock Proteins (HSP 70) in Goats

C.A. Meza-Herrera^1,2, L. Martínez¹, C. Aréchiga³, R. Bañuelos³, R.M. Rincón³, J. Urrutia², H. Salinas², M. Mellado<sup>4

1</sup>Universidad Autónoma Chapingo
Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Aridas, México

²Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales
Agricolas y Pecuarias, México

³Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, México

⁴Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, México

(Received February 3, 2005; accepted )

Abstract

Meza-Herrera, C.A., Martínez, L., Aréchiga, C., Bañuelos, R., Rincón, R.M., Urrutia, J., Salinas, H. and Mellado, M. 2005. Circannual identification and quantification of the constitutive heat shock proteins (Hsp 70) in goats. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 000-000.

The constitutive expression of the heat shock protein-70 (Hsp 70) in goat lymphocytes was analyzed. Goats (n=30, five per breed, 25±3 mo., 33±3 kg) included the breeds Granadina (G), Nubian (N), Saanen (S), Toggenburg (T), Alpine (A) and Crosses (C; Saanen x Criollo). Body weight (BW, kg) and condition (BCS), maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures and monthly thermal oscillations (Tmax-Tmin) were collected in March, June, September and December. Quantification of Hsp 70 considered total protein determination and characterization by SDS-PAGE, Hsp 70 immunodetection and quantification by optic densitometry. The highest(P<0.001) Hsp 70 expression occurred in June and December, concomitant to the highest environmental temperature and the greatest temperature oscillation, respectively. While the highest (P<0.001) Hsp 70 expression was depicted by the G, N, S and T breeds, A and C depicted the lowest Hsp 70 expression. The biological trend shown by the A and C breeds suggest important adaptation ability, since they depicted the highest BW, the best BCS, as well as the lowest constitutive Hsp 70 expression.

Key words: Goats, breeds, Hsp 70, environment.

Corresponding author : Dr. Cesar A. Meza-Herrera, Galeana 585 Poniente, Colonia Centro, Lerdo, Durango, Mexico, 35150
E-mail: cmeza2000@hotmail.com

Evaluation of Different Formulations of Biological Surgical Adhesives on Hemorrhagic Aorta : An In vitro and Animal Study

A.A. Amirghofran¹, Sh. Rayatpisheh¹, N. Tanideh²,
A.A. Owji³, A. Vasei⁴, D. Mehrabani<sup>5

1</sup>Cardiovascular Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery

²Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory Animal Research Centre

³Department of Biochemistry

⁴Department of Pathology

⁵Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute
Gastroenterohepatology Research Centre
School of Medicine
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Shiraz-71345, Iran

(Revised received August 20, 2005; accepted August 31, 2005)
 

Abstract

Amirghofran, A.A., Rayatpisheh, Sh., Tanideh, N., Owji, A.A., Vasei, A. and Mehrabani, D. 2005. Ealuation of different formulations of biological surgical adhesives on hemorrhagic aorta : An in vitro and animal study. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 121-124.

This in vitro and animal model study was performed to find a safe, effective, inexpensive and easy-to-use surgical glue on hemorrhagic aorta. Bioglue was prepared using glutaraldehyde (10 or 50%) and human serum albumin (20 or 45%). Bovine aorta (3.5 cm dia, 4-6 mm wall thickness was cut to strips and joined end-to-end with Gelatin Resorcin Formaldehyde (GRF) or bioglue. All combinations of glutaraldehyde and albumin produced bioglue with satisfactory shear and tensile strength, which were better than GRF. A needle hole was created in ventral abdominal aorta of 9 (6 treatment, 3 control) crossbred dogs and then the glues were applied to prevent the oozing of blood. After 6 weeks, the animals were sacrificed for histopathological study of puncture site. No significant difference was noticed comparing the intima, media and serosa layers between the treatment and controls. No hemorrhage, acute inflammation, marked fibrosis, necrosis or granulomatous inflammation were evident. Thus bioglue may be considered as a safe, available and cost-effective glue to be used in operations without any complications.

Key words: Bioglue, hemorrhage, aorta, animal model.

Corresponding author Tel: +98 9171110159,
Fax: +98 7112309054; Email: cardsurg2000@yahoo.com

Effect of Heat Stress on Incidence of Retained Placenta in Holstein Cows at Dry Hot Weather of Shiraz

M.R. Ahmadi, A. Mirzaei

Department of Clinical Sciences
School of Veterinary Medicine
Shiraz University
Shiraz, 71345-1731, Iran

(Received February 14, 2005; accepted)

Abstract

Ahmadi, M.R. and Mirzaei, A. 2005. Effect of heat stress on incidence of retained placenta in Holstein cows at dry hot weather of Shiraz. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 28: 000-000.

To study the heat stress effect on the incidence of retained placenta in dry and hot weather of Shiraz, five hundred and forty two Holstein cows were examined. The study revealed that incidence of retained placenta was 6.92, 18.3, 13.23 and 7.58% in spring, summer, fall and winter, respectively. The average temperature-humidity index (THI) was 73.2 in summer, indicating that the cows were under heat stress. It is concluded that heat stress increased the incidence of retained placenta in Holstein cows.

Key words: Retained placenta, heat stress, dry hot weather, cows.

E-mail: rahmadi@shirazu.ac.ir